Amide formation: acyl chloride + aniline yields which product?

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Amide formation: acyl chloride + aniline yields which product?

Acyl chlorides react with amines to form amides through nucleophilic acyl substitution: the amine nitrogen attacks the carbonyl carbon, the chloride leaves, and the nitrogen becomes acylated. In this case, acetyl chloride (the acyl chloride) donates the acetyl group to aniline, so the nitrogen of aniline is attached to the acetyl carbonyl. The product is acetanilide (N-phenylacetamide), with HCl formed as a byproduct (often neutralized by a base). This matches the expected product for this reaction. The other options would require different reagents or would be different amides (for example, an amide from ammonia or a benzamide from benzoyl chloride), so they don’t fit this specific combination.

Acyl chlorides react with amines to form amides through nucleophilic acyl substitution: the amine nitrogen attacks the carbonyl carbon, the chloride leaves, and the nitrogen becomes acylated. In this case, acetyl chloride (the acyl chloride) donates the acetyl group to aniline, so the nitrogen of aniline is attached to the acetyl carbonyl. The product is acetanilide (N-phenylacetamide), with HCl formed as a byproduct (often neutralized by a base). This matches the expected product for this reaction. The other options would require different reagents or would be different amides (for example, an amide from ammonia or a benzamide from benzoyl chloride), so they don’t fit this specific combination.

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